✴A silicon chip that contains a CPU. In the world of personal computers, the terms microprocessor and CPU are used interchangeably. At the heart of all personal computers and most workstations sits a microprocessor. Microprocessors also control the logic of almost all digital devices, from clock radios to fuel-injection system for automobiles.✴ ❰ Three basic characteristics differentiate microprocessors: ❱ ► Instruction set: The set of instructions that the microprocessor can execute. ► bandwidth : The number of bits processed in a single instruction. ► clock speed : Given in megahertz (MHz), the clock speed determines how many instructions per second the processor can execute. ✦In both cases, the higher the value, the more powerful the CPU. For example, a 32-bit microprocessor that runs at 50MHz is more powerful than a 16-bit microprocessor that runs at 25MHz.✦ ✦In addition to bandwidth and clock speed, microprocessors are classified as being either RISC (reduced instruction set computer) or CISC(complex instruction set computer).✦ 【Topics Covered in this App are Listed Below】 ⇢ Overview ⇢ Classification ⇢ 8085 Architecture ⇢ 8085 Pin Configuration ⇢ 8085 Addressing Modes & Interrupts ⇢ 8085 Instruction Sets ⇢ 8086 Overview ⇢ 8086 Functional Units ⇢ 8086 Pin Configuration ⇢ 8086 Instruction Sets ⇢ 8086 Interrupts ⇢ 8086 Addressing Modes ⇢ Multiprocessor Configuration Overview ⇢ 8087 Numeric Data Processor ⇢ I/O Interfacing Overview ⇢ 8279 - Programmable Keyboard ⇢ 8257 DMA Controller ⇢ Microcontrollers - Overview ⇢ 8051 Architecture ⇢ 8051 Input Output Ports ⇢ 8051 Input Output Ports ⇢ 8051 Interrupts ⇢ 8255A - Programmable Peripheral Interface ⇢ Intel 8255A - Pin Description ⇢ Intel 8253 - Programmable Interval Timer ⇢ Intel 8253/54 - Operational Modes